Generally speaking, engine and tires of racing are
purchased from the professional and specific suppliers, there are some popular F1 engine
suppliers, such as Benz, Ferrari, Renault and Cosworth, etc.
Benz is the best F1 engine supplier with
benefits of low fuel consumption, high output power and excellent stability. Ferrari is good at power performance and
stability for long distance, but high fuel consumption. Renault has lower power
performance than Benz and Ferrari, but perfect fuel consumption ability. Cosworth had achieved best performance in
the past. However, there are some problems (scuffing) happened later.
From the beginning of 2014, 1.6-liter V6 turbocharged engine has replaced the 2.4-liter V8 engine with natural aspiration. This is considered to be one of the biggest technological change since twenty-five years of F1 racing. As compared the changes from V10 to V8 changes which happened eight years ago, this is not just cut down the two cylinders and reduced 0.8 liters of displacement again, but the first time to induce turbocharged engines replacing naturally aspirated engines, this means that the engine is completely different from the output characteristics, in particular the torque, and more importantly, the energy recovered (ERS-Energy Recovery System) for the kinetic and thermal energy are involved.
In 2014 F1 race, Renault launched a 1.6L V6
turbocharged engine with an electric power auxiliary power system after three
years research and design. The important parts of this engine power system is engine and motors.
F1 Engine
Compared with 2013 Renault F1 engine, Renault
reduced engine displacement from 1.6L to 2.4L and altered engine from naturally
aspirated to single turbo intake and eight cylinders instead of six cylinders resulting
in engine bore and stroke occurred corresponding change. Regarding the injection
mode, by applying multi-point injection to direct injection, the limited engine
speed is reduced from 18 000 rev / min to 15,000 rev / min, and an engine heat recovery
motor is added based on the original braking energy recovery motor which has
more motor limited speed of 50,000 rev / min. The advantage of this V8 engine is
that more powerful, much lighter and lower fuel consumption so as to be called “Energy
F1” by Renault.
F1 Motor
There are two kinds of motors mounted in 2014 Renault F1 engine, MGU-H and MGU-K. MGU (Motor Generator Unit) can be taken as both motors and generators. As a motor, it can convert electrical energy to mechanical energy, when it is a generator, the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy.
However, MGU-H (Heat) is installed in the turbocharger and connected to the turbine shaft, when the turbine works, MGU-H converts some of the mechanical energy of rotation of the turbine into electrical energy which can be supplied directly to MGU-K motors, and also can be stored in batteries to meet the subsequent requirements, at this time, and MGU-H is a generator. In addition, MGU-H motor is also able to transfer the stored electrical energy into mechanical energy to control the rotational speed of the turbine so that reducing excessive rotation of the turbine to prevent overheating, accelerate the rotational speed of the turbine and eliminate turbo lag phenomenon while MGU-H acts as a motor.
Moreover, compared to the motor MGU-K in 2013
Renault F1 power system, output power of the new version of MGU-K motor is
double (120kW VS. 60kW). Overall, the application of MGU-K and MGU-H can
improve the engine's fuel efficiency and eliminate turbo lag and transmit power
rapidly
The new Renault F1 V6 turbo engine has been improving in many places, for example, the turbine size becomes smaller and fuel efficiency is increased by 40% by the introduction of direct injection technology. In addition, some detailed design including the use of DLC coating in camshaft and PVD treatment in piston rings are to ensure the maximum efficient output of fuel efficiency.
REFERENCE
http://www.google.de/imgres
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